學號:402040141
筆記
1. 書目記錄的功能需求把書目紀錄分為幾個實體?及其關係?
書目記錄的功能需求將書目紀錄分成的十個實體及其關係之說明如下
The ten entities have
been divided into three groups.
The first group
comprises the products of intellectual or artistic endeavour that are named or
described in bibliographic records: work, expression, manifestation,
and item. The second group comprises those entities responsible for the
intellectual or artistic content, the physical production and dissemination, or
the custodianship of such products: person and corporate body.
The third group
comprises an additional set of entities that together with the entities in the
first and second groups may serve as the subject of a work: concept,
object, event, and place.
The relationships
depicted for the first group that link work to expression, expression
to manifestation, and manifestation to item are
central to the structure of the entity- relationship model. i.e., the “realized
through” relationship connecting work and expression, the
“embodied in” relationship connecting expression and manifestation,
and the “exemplified by” relationship connecting manifestation and item
The entities in the
second group (person and corporate body) are linked to the first
group by four relationship types: the “created by” relationship that links both
person and corporate body to work; the “realized by”
relationship that links the same two entities to expression; the
“produced by” relationship that links them to manifestation; and the
“owned by” relationship that links them to item.
The entities in all
three groups are connected to the work entity by a subject relationship.
The “has as subject” relationship indicates that any of the entities in the
model, including work itself, may be the subject of a work.
Stated in slightly different terms, the relationship indicates that a work may
be about a concept, an object, an event, or place;
it may be about a person or corporate body; it may be about an expression,
a manifestation, or an item; it may be about another work.
2. 試述國際編目原則聲明總原則的重要性
國際編目原則聲明總原則的重要性如下:
國際編目原則聲明列有9個原則，包括:
（1）使用者便利性Convenience
of the user
（2）適用性Common
usag
（3）表達性Representation
（4）準確性Accuracy
（5）充分性及必要性Sufficiency
and necessity
（6）重要性Significance
（7）經濟性Economy
（8）一致性及標準化Consistency
and standardization
（9）整合性Integration
在所有原則中排名第一及最重要的是「為使用者提供便利」，其他原則與此一原則皆有相關性。「適用性」亦即適合一般的使用。「表達性」即盡可能按照資源單件所出現的資料照樣著錄。「準確性」、「必要性」及「重要性」意為讓使用者能夠了解書目資料以獲取所需的重要資訊，不會因為不瞭解的用詞或縮寫字而產生困惑，不會因多餘不需要的資訊而陷入困境。不過這些原則也確認編目員及圖書館的需求，規定只要迎合使用者需要，即可以最「經濟」的方式記載書目或權威紀錄中的資料，並且保持「一致性」及「標準化」，以利分享。「整合性」亦即盡可能地對所有類型資源或其他實體採用一套共同的規則。
3. 試述RDA的範圍與目的
The purpose and scope of RDA:
RDA provides a set of
guidelines and instructions on formulating data to support resource discovery.
The data created
using RDA to describe a resource are designed to assist users performing the
following tasks: 1
find—i.e., to find resources
that correspond to the user’s stated search criteria
identify—i.e., to confirm that
the resource described corresponds to the resource sought, or to
distinguish between
two or more resources with similar characteristics
select—i.e., to select a
resource that is appropriate to the user’s needs
obtain—i.e., to acquire or
access the resource described.
The data created
using RDA to describe an entity associated with a resource (a person, family,
corporate body,
concept, etc.) are
designed to assist users performing the following tasks: 2
find—i.e., to find
information on that entity and on resources associated with the entity
identify—i.e., to confirm that
the entity described corresponds to the entity sought, or to
distinguish between
two or more entities with similar names, etc.
clarify—i.e., to clarify the
relationship between two or more such entities, or to clarify the
relationship between
the entity described and a name by which that entity is known
understand—i.e., to understand why
a particular name or title, or form of name or title, has been
chosen as the preferred name or title for
the entity.
4. 試述rda的核心細目
RDA著錄載體表現(manifestation)或單件(item)及表現形(expression)或作品(work)的核心細目如下:
著錄載體表現或單件時，至少應包括以下的細目。
正題名
關於正題名之著者敘述(祗著錄第一個)
版本標示
修訂版標示
連續性資源之卷期編次
連續性資源首期文/數字卷期編次
連續性資源首期日期編次
連續性資源末期文/數字卷期編次
連續性資源末期日期編次
製作日期(供未出版資源使用)
出版地(第一個為必備)
出版者(第一個為必備)
出版曰期
發行地(供出版地不詳之出版資源使用，第一個為必備)
發行者(供出版者不詳之出版資源使用，第一個為必備)
發行曰期(供出版曰期不詳之出版資源使用)
製造地(供出版地與發行地不詳的出版資源使用，第一個為必備)
製造者(供出版者與發行者不詳的出版資源使用，第一個為必備)
製造曰期(供出版曰期、發行曰期與著作權曰期不詳的出版資源使用)
版權曰期(出版曰期與發行曰期不詳時使用)
集叢正題名
集叢號
附屬集叢名
附屬集叢號
載體呈現識別符號(若有多個，選擇國際公認者)
載體類型
數量單位(祗限已完成的資源或已知全部數量單位者)
區別不同的或辨識資訊類似的載體呈現與單件時，可加入其他必要的元素。
著錄作品時，至少應包括以下的細目。
Preferred title for the work 選用的作品題名
Identifier for the work 作品的辨識碼
選用的作品題名等於或類似於其他作品，或個人、家族、團體時，增加額外的或另外著錄以下的辨識細目：
Form of work 作品的形式
Date of work 作品的日期
Place of origin of the work 作品的原生地
Other distinguishing
characteristic of the work 其他足以辨識的特性
音樂作品的題名無法辨認該作品時，儘量記錄以下的細目。音樂作品的題名足敷辨認該作品時，儘量記錄以下的細目，以區別同名的其他作品。這些細目可記錄為該作品檢索項的附屬，或獨立的細目，也可兩者兼備。
Medium of performance 表演樂器
Numeric designation 編號
Key 調
識別雙語條約等作品時，記錄雙方的簽約人，當成檢索項的一部份，或獨立的細目，或兩者並呈。
Signatory for a treaty, etc. 條約簽約人
為了識別表現形而記錄的資料，至少應包括以下的細目：
Identifier for the expression 表現形識別碼
Content type 內容類型
Language of expression 表現形語文
為了區別作品的不同表現形，至少應記錄以下的細目。這些細目可記錄為該作品檢索項的附屬，或獨立的細目，也可兩者兼備。
Date of expression 表現形出版年
Other distinguishing
characteristic of the expression 表現形的其他特徵
著錄地圖表現形時，至少應包括以下的細目：
Horizontal scale of
cartographic content 地圖內容的水平比例尺
Vertical scale of cartographic
content 地圖內容的垂直比例尺
應依編目機構的政策或編目員的判斷，增加額外細目。
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